Community participation in creating sustainable community-based tourism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13135/2384-8677/5997Keywords:
community-based tourism, community participation, sustainable tourismAbstract
Tourism is one of the fastest-growing economic sectors in the world. However, the development of tourism in various regions does not necessarily guarantee the welfare of the local community of tourist destinations. Then, the rapid development of tourism is also inseparable from the massive negative impacts. In constructing an ideal tourism development, the local government needs to pay attention to environmental and cultural preservation. Then, they also need to prioritize the interests of local communities in order to be able to become sustainable community-based tourism. This study intended to analyze the community participation in realizing sustainable community-based tourism in Karimunjawa. This study used primary and secondary data collected with snowball sampling selection techniques. The data collection methods used were in the form of participatory observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed by using the interactive analysis method consisting of the process of data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results showed that the typology of community participation in realizing sustainable community-based tourism in Karimunjawa is in the Spontaneous-Induced Participation type. The participation of the Karimunjawa community is the result of the incision between Spontaneous Participation and Induced Participation. In some dimensions, the participation is active and bottom-up, while in some other dimensions, participation is still top-down and passive.
References
[2] G. Nagarjuna, “Local community involvement in tourism: A content analysis of websites of wildlife resorts,” Atna, Journal of Tour Study, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 13-21, 2015.
[3] F. Aref, S.S. Gill, nad F. Aref, “Tourism development in local communities: As a community development approach,”Journal of American Science, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 155-161, 2010.
[4] A. Pramusita and E.N. Sarinastiti, “Aspek sosial ekonomi masyarakat lokal dalam pengelolaan desa wisata Pantai Trisik, Kulonprogo,” Jurnal Pariwisata Terapan, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 14-25, 2017.
[5] T. Agfianto, M. Antara, and I.W. Suardana, “Dampak ekonomi pengembangan community based tourism terhadap masyarakat lokal di Kabupaten Malang (Studi kasus destinasi wisata Cafe Sawah Pujon Kidul),” Jurnal JUMPA, vol. 05, no. 02, pp. 259-282, January 2019.
[6] A.J. Sidiq and R. Resnawaty, “Pengembangan desa wisata berbasis partisipasi masyarakat lokal di desa wisata Linggarjati Kuningan, Jawa Barat,” in Proc KS: Riset dan PKM, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 38-44, 2019.
[7] W. Phanumat, N. Sangsnit, C.Mitrochob, S.Kaesang, and P. Noithammaraj, “A multi-stakeholder participatory approach in community-based tourism development: a case study from Thailand,” Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, vol. 193, pp. 915-928, 2015.
[8] B. Ertuna and G. Kirbas, “Local community involvement in rural tourism development: the case of Kastamonu, Turkey,” Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, vol. 10, no 1, pp. 17-24, 2012.
[9] S.K. Yazdi, “Sustainable tourism,” American International Journal of Social Science, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 50-56, October 2012.
[10] I.P. Palimbunga, “Keterlibatan masyarakat dalam pengembangan pariwisata di desa wisata Tablanusu, Papua,” Jurnal JUMPA, vol. 05, no. 01, pp. 193-210, July 2018.
[11] F. Aref, “sense of community and participation for tourism development,” Life Science Journal, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 20-25, 2011.
[12] I.M. Adikampana, I.N. Sunarta, and N.L.K. Pujani, “A model of community-based rural tourism products development, Jurnal IPTA, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 83-88, July 2019.
[13] S. Kim, E. Park, and T. Phandanpuvong, “barriers to local residents’ participation in comuunity-based tourism: Lesson from Houay Kaeng Village in Laos,” SHS Web of Conferences 12, 2014.
[14] N.H.M. Salleh, M.S. Shukor, R. Othman, M. Samsudin, and S.H.M. Idris, “factors of local community participation in tourism-related bussiness: case of Langkawi Island,” International Journal of Soial Science and Humanity, Vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 565-571, August 2016.
[15] A. Giampiccoli and M. Saayman, “Community-based tourism development model and community participation,” African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leissure. vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1-27, 2018.
[16] A.N. Laksono and Mussadun, “Dampak aktivitas ekowisata di Pulau Karimunjawa berdasarkan persepsi masyarakat,” Jurnal Teknik PWK, vol. 3, pp. 262-273, 2014.
[17] S.N. Qodriyatun, “Implementasi kebijakan pengembangan pariwisata berkelanjutan di Karimunjawa,” Aspirasi: Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Sosial, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 240-259, December 2018.
[18] Decree of the Minister of Forestry and Plantation No. 78/Kpts-II/1999.
[19] Central Statistics Berau of Jepara Regency, Kecamatan Karimunjawa dalam angka 2018. Jepara: Central Statistics Berau of Jepara Regency, 2018.
[20] V.P. Joobi and E.K. Satheesh “Local community participation in responsible tourism – A case of Kumarakam Panchayath in Kerala,” International Journal of Current Research in Multidisciplinary. vol. 2, no. 11, pp. 05-11, December 2017.
[21] C. Aal, “Sustainable tourism in practice: Promoting or perventing the quest for a sustainable development ?,” Journal of Sustainability, vol. 6, pp. 2562-2583, 2014.
[22] R. Munawaroh, “Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengembangan pariwisata berbasis masyarakat di Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu Suwanting, Magelang,”. In Press.
[23] I.N.D. Putra, “Empat srikandi kuliner Bali: Peran perempuan dalam pembangunan pariwisata berkelanjutan,” Jurnal JUMPA, vol. 01, no. 01, pp. 65-94, July 2014.
[24] C. Tosun, “Expected nature of community participation in tourism development,” journal of tourism management, vol. 27, pp. 493-504, 2006.
[25] R.M. Thestane, “Local community participation in tourism development: The case of Kaste Villages in Lestoho,” Athens Journal of Tourism, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 123-140, June 2019.
[26] S. Moyo and T.M. Tichaawa, “Community involvement and participation in tourism development: a Zimbabwe study,” African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leissure, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 1-15, 2017.
[27] E.L. Gutierrez, “participation in tourisml cases study on community-based tourism (cbt) in the Philipines,” Ritsumeikan Journal of Asia Pacific Studies. vol. 37, pp. 23-36, 2019.
[28] N.L.P.A. Karta, I.M. Sukarsa, W. Hardini, and I.K.P. Suarthana, “Local community participation in community based tourism in Kintamani and their impact to the economy,” In Proc. of Asia Tourism Forum 2016 – The 12th Biennial Conference of Hospitality and Tourism Industry in Asia, 2016.
[29] N.K. Dezin, and Y.S. Lincoln, Handbook of Qualitative Research. California: Sage, Thousand Oaks, 1994.
[30] M. Miles, and A.M. Huberman, Analisis Data Kualitatif: Buku Sumber Tantang Metode-Metode Baru. Jakarta:UI Press, 1992.
