Evaluating sleep disorders in patients with Long Covid: assessment of psychometric qualities of the Italian version of the General Sleep Disturbance Scale (GSDS).
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Abstract
BACKGROUND
Sleep is a physiological process characterized by a reduction of the state of consciousness and has an important impact on quality of life (QoL). Sleep disturbances are common in people suffering from Long Covid, clinical condition characterized by the appearance of symptoms approximately 3 months after acute Sars-CoV-2 infection.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the General Sleep Disturbance Scale (GSDS-IT) in people with Long Covid.
METHODS
This retrospective study evaluating the psychometric qualities of the rating scale. This study was conducted at Policlinico San Felice in Rome from 1 June to 10 July 2023 on a group of 58 patients suffering from Long Covid. The inclusion criteria were admission to a post-COVID-19 respiratory rehabilitation program; age at least 18 years; ability to communicate; signing informed consent. Internal consistency was determined through Cronbach's alpha; for construct validity, the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) were administered.
RESULTS
Cronbach's Alpha and inter-class correlation (ICC) value for all the subscales were statistically significant. A correlation was found between sleep and mental health, and for the total scale and ADLs.
CONCLUSIONS
The GSDS is a valid and reliable tool for evaluation of sleep disorders in patients with Long Covid. Its use in this type of patients is suggested to detect the presence of sleep disorders, so that both clinicians and researchers can make the most appropriate decisions for the global care of patients, to improve their QoL.
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