On a Particular Aspect of the Identification of Tibetan Xylographs: Preliminary Remarks on the Importance of Craftsmen

Authors

  • Michela Clemente University of Cambridge, Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13135/1825-263X/2272

Keywords:

Tibetan printing history, book culture, Tibetan history, codicology, Tibetan art

Abstract

This essay briefly discusses the early history of Tibetan printing by comparing some facets of this subject with the European phenomenon. Printing started to be a means of dissemination of texts in Tibet and Europe at roughly the same time. Recent research indicates that although printing in Tibet does not seem to have had the kind of socially transformative effects highlighted in Elisabeth Eisenstein’s study, it did have some important consequences and also similarities with the European printing history. This article also presents a Marie Sklodowska Curie project on Tibetan xylographs entitled Tibetan Book Evolution and Technology (TiBET), which was carried out at the University of Cambridge (Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit) from 2013 to 2015. This paper focuses in particular on one of the aspects of the above-mentioned project, that is to say, the craftsmen who worked on sixteenth century xylographs and their importance for the identification of Tibetan prints. These artists were allowed to sign their work, a peculiarity that was typical of the earliest stage of printing and is extremely relevant for locating the printing house where a certain xylograph was produced. By comparing the different signatures and patterns of carving, writing or drawing, we might learn to distinguish the diverse style of each artist. This would help us in identifying those who worked on xylographs that lack signatures and do not mention them in colophons. From these prints we can also extract information about the craftsmen and the printing projects with which they were associated.

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Author Biography

Michela Clemente, University of Cambridge, Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit

Michela Clemente is an affiliated researcher at Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit and a member of Clare Hall, University of Cambridge. She worked as collaborator at the Tucci Tibetan Collection of the IsIAO Library (Rome) from 1998 until 2011. In 2009 she obtained her PhD at “La Sapienza” University of Rome. In 2010 she started collaborating with the University of Cambridge in the five year AHRC project Transforming Technologies and Buddhist Book Culture. In 2013 she was awarded with the Marie Sklodowska Curie Fellowship for a 2 year project entitled Tibetan Book Evolution and Technology (TiBET). She was one of the curators of the Exhibition Buddha’s Word: The Life of Books in Tibet and Beyond (Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Cambridge, May 2014- January 2015), one of the editors of its catalogue (University of Cambridge, 2014) and the convener of the workshop How to Create a Template for the Identification of Tibetan Xylographs, Cambridge, January 2015.

References

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Vol. 657/5 = lHa btsun Rin chen rnam rgyal (1473-1557), dPal ldan bla ma dam pa mkhas grub lha btsun chos kyi rgyal po’i rnam mgur blo ’das chos sku’i rang gdangs. Xylograph kept in the Tucci Tibetan Collection, IsIAO Library, Rome (ff. 1a-54a).

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Vol. 671/1 = 'Ba' ra ba rGyal mtshan dpal bzang (1310-1391), rJe btsun ‘ba’ ra pa [sic] rgyal mtshan dpal bzang po’i rnam thar mgur ‘bum dang bcas pa. Xylograph kept in the Tucci Tibetan Collection, IsIAO Library, Rome (ff. 1a-190b).

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Vol. 671/5 = 'Ba' ra ba rGyal mtshan dpal bzang (1310-1391), sKyes mchog ‘ba’ ra bas mdzad pa’i sgrub pa nyams su blang ba’i lag len dgos ‘dod ‘byung ba’i gter mdzod. Xylograph kept in the Tucci Tibetan Collection, IsIAO Library, Rome (ff. 223a-365a).

Vol. 671/6 = 'Ba' ra ba rGyal mtshan dpal bzang (1310-1391), sKyes mchog gi zhus lan thugs kyi snying po zab mo’i gter mdzod. Xylograph kept in the Tucci Tibetan Collection, IsIAO Library, Rome (ff. 366a-397a).

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Published

2018-11-19

Issue

No. 21 (2017)

Section

Change of Paradigms and Mechanical (Re)discoveries: Manuscript and Print Cultures across Asia

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