Solon fondateur de la Boule des Quatre Cents ?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13135/2039-4985/568Keywords:
Boulè, Conseil des Quatre Cents, Solon, Aristote, PlutarqueAbstract
Il y a deux sources qui mentionnent de manière directe la création de la Boule des Quatre Cents par Solon, Aristote dans la Constitution d’Athènes et Plutarque dans la Vie de Solon. Ces deux passages ont été traités par l’historiographie contemporaine de deux façons différentes; soit ils sont acceptés et, dans ce cadre, le Conseil des Quatre Cents est considéré comme une réforme importante de Solon, soit ils sont rejetés et l’existence d’un tel Conseil au début du VIe siècle est considérée comme improbable. Par conséquent, l’objectif de ce travail est de réexaminer ces deux passages principaux et toute autre mention possible d’un Conseil des Quatre Cents dans les sources et de les lier au contexte historique de l’époque de Solon.
There are two sources that explicitly mention the creation of the Council of Four Hundred by Solon: Aristotle in the Constitution of Athens and Plutarch in the Life of Solon. These two passages are treated by modern scholarship in two different ways. They are either accepted, in which case the Council of the Four Hundred is considered as a major reform of Solon, or they are rejected, rendering the existence of such a Council in the early sixth century unlikely. This work aims to review these two passages, as well as any other possible mention of a Council of Four Hundred in the sources, and to explain them in accordance with the historical context of the time of Solon.
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