Xenophon on the Athenian Embassy to Susa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13135/2039-4985/33Abstract
Our information on the negotiations of the year 367 derives mostly from Xenophon (Hellenica VII, 1, 33-38) and Plutarch (Pelop., 30-31, 1; Artax. 22, 8-12).Xenophon’s account shows an anti-Theban bias; his information is of Athenian origin and could derive from the Athenian ambassador Leon. On the contrary, Plutarch’s account in the Life of Pelopidas shows a sharp pro-Theban bias.
Xenophon’s information, although biased, appears to be of better quality. He offers a detailed account, with a strictly political statement; his account identifies the main lines of Theban hegemonic policy. Furthermore, Xenophon is the only source which provides us detailed information on the behaviour of the Athenian ambassadors. The historian sets up the traitor Timagoras against Leon, member of the anti-Theban party, probably a supporter of the alliance between Athens and Sparta, as also Xenophon was (cf. Suda s.v. Timagoras).
Le nostre informazioni sulle trattative del 367 derivano per lo più da Senofonte (Elleniche VII, 1, 33-38) e da Plutarco (Pelop., 30-31, 1; Artax. 22, 8-12).
La ricostruzione di Senofonte si segnala per la sua tendenza antitebana; l’informazione, che rivela una prospettiva ateniese, potrebbe provenire dall’ambasciatore ateniese Leone. La ricostruzione di Plutarco nella Vita di Pelopida è invece di tendenza decisamente filotebana.
La qualità dell’informazione di Senofonte, nonostante la sua tendenziosità, appare complessivamente superiore. Egli offre un racconto particolareggiato, impostato sull’aspetto politico; la sua ricostruzione coglie alcune linee portanti della politica egemonica tebana. Inoltre, Senofonte è l’unico a fornirci notizie dettagliate sul comportamento degli ambasciatori ateniesi. Lo storico contrappone il traditore Timagora a Leone, esponente del partito antitebano, probabilmente sostenitore dell’accordo Sparta/Atene caro anche allo stesso Senofonte (cfr. Suda s.v. Timagoras).
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