La 'Melanippe Desmotis' di Euripide tra panellenismo e propaganda
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Abstract
Euripides’ theatre stands as a mirror of political battles and contradictions that the Athenian polis experimented at the end of the 5th century BC. Works such as Children of Herakles, Erechtheum or Suppliant Women could be fully appreciated only if compared to the historical events that involved Athens at that time and if conceived for an audience mainly of Athenian citizens. Such an “Athenocentrism” has recently been downsized by some scholars (Easterling, Csapo, Lamari) who have remarked the wider diffusion of tragic shows outside Athens through the so called re-performances, revivals of classical tragedies in peripheral areas and in Western Greece since the beginning of the 5th century BC. According to E. Stewart (2017) this practice might have had as a result the creation of a Pan-Hellenic tragedy, to which Euripides would have given a great contribution by means of dramas such as Andromache, Archelaus, Aeolus and Melanippe Demostis. The paper analyzes strengths and limitations of such an interpretation devoting particular attention to Euripides' Melanippe Demostis, a drama set in Metaponto which transforms a Thessalian-Beotic myth into a genealogy of Italic kings, a mythical innovation which Euripides himself seems to be responsible for. Through the analysis of both testimonia and fragments of the tragedy, and a historical recognition of different moments of interaction between Athens, Metaponto and Magna Graecia, it will be discussed whether there are cogent elements for considering Melanippe a Panhellenic tragedy, or it should be interpreted as a political tragedy inspired by the Athenian propaganda in the West during the Peloponnesian War or alternatively a work commissioned by the city of Metaponto to Euripides for the sake of sponsorship toward Athens.
Fjodor Montemurro è professore ordinario di italiano e latino al liceo Tarantino di Gravina in Puglia, membro del comitato della Certificazione della Lingua Latina presso l'Università della Basilicata e presidente della Società Dante Alighieri – Delegazione di Matera. Ha studiato Filologia classica alla Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa e ha conseguito il dottorato di ricerca in Filologia Classica all'Università di Bari nel 2013 con una tesi sulla Melanippe Desmotis di Euripide. È stato per anni professore a contratto di Lingua greca e Lingua latina presso l’Università della Basilicata. I suoi indirizzi di ricerca spaziano dalla Commedia alla Tragedia, fino alla Medicina e alla Filosofia greca, ma si interessa anche di Didattica delle lingue classiche. È autore di lavori sia sulla metodologia di insegnamento del latino e del greco sia di contributi specialistici dedicati alla filologia testuale e alla papirologia. Ha condotto numerosi seminari sulla critica letteraria, l’intertestualità e la critica del testo ed è regolarmente relatore in numerosi congressi e conferenze internazionali sui classici.
Keywords: Melanippe, Antioco di Siracusa, Metaponto, reperformance, panellenismo
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